Beryllium Facts - Periodic Table of the Elements

Beryllium Facts - Periodic Table of the Elements Beryllium Nuclear Number: 4 Image: Be Nuclear Weight: 9.012182(3)Reference: IUPAC 2009 Disclosure: 1798, Louis-Nicholas Vauquelin (France) Electron Configuration: [He]2s2 Different Names: Glucinium or Glucinum Word Origin: Greek: beryllos, beryl; Greek: glykys, sweet (note that beryllium is harmful) Properties: Beryllium has a liquefying purpose of 1287/ - 5Â °C, breaking point of 2970Â °C, explicit gravity of 1.848 (20Â °C), and valence of 2. The metal is steel-dim in shading, light, with one of the most elevated dissolving purposes of the light metals. Its modulus of flexibility is a third higher than that of steel. Beryllium has high warm conductivity, is nonmagnetic, and opposes assault by concentrated nitric corrosive. Beryllium opposes oxidation in air at normal temperatures. The metal has a high penetrability to x-radiation. When besieged by alpha particles, it yields neutrons in the proportion of roughly 30 million neutrons for each million alpha particles. Beryllium and its mixes are harmful and ought not be tasted to check the metals pleasantness. Utilizations: Precious types of beryl incorporate sea green/blue, morganite, and emerald. Beryllium is utilized as an alloying operator in creating beryllium copper, which is utilized for springs, electrical contacts, nonsparking apparatuses, and spot-welding anodes. It is utilized in numerous auxiliary segments of the space transport and other aviation make. Beryllium foil is utilized in x-beam lithography for making incorporated circuits. It is utilized as a reflector or mediator in atomic responses. Beryllium is utilized in gyrators and PC parts. The oxide has an extremely high dissolving point and is utilized in earthenware production and atomic applications. Sources: Beryllium is found in around 30 mineral species, including beryl (3BeO Al2O3Â ·6SiO2), bertrandite (4BeOÂ ·2SiO2Â ·H2O), chrysoberyl, and phenacite. The metal might be set up by diminishing beryllium fluoride with magnesium metal. Component Classification: Alkaline-earth Metal Isotopes: Beryllium has ten known isotopes, going from Be-5 to Be-14. Be-9 is the main stable isotope.Density (g/cc): 1.848 Explicit Gravity (at 20 Â °C): 1.848 Appearance: hard, weak, steel-dim metal Liquefying Point: 1287 Â °C Breaking point: 2471 Â °C Nuclear Radius (pm): 112 Nuclear Volume (cc/mol): 5.0 Covalent Radius (pm): 90 Ionic Radius: 35 (2e) Explicit Heat (20Â °C J/g mol): 1.824 Combination Heat (kJ/mol): 12.21 Vanishing Heat (kJ/mol): 309 Debye Temperature (K): 1000.00 Pauling Negativity Number: 1.57 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 898.8 Oxidation States: 2 Cross section Structure:Hexagonal Cross section Constant (Ã… ): 2.290 Cross section C/A Ratio: 1.567 CAS Registry Number: 7440-41-7 Beryllium Trivia Beryllium was initially named glyceynum because of the sweet taste of beryllium salts. (glykis is Greek for sweet). The name was changed to beryllium to stay away from disarray with other sweet tasting components and a variety of plants called glucine. Beryllium turned into the official name of the component in 1957.James Chadwick besieged beryllium with alpha particles and watched a subatomic molecule with no electrical charge, prompting the disclosure of the neutron.Pure beryllium was disconnected in 1828 by two distinct scientists autonomously: German scientific expert Friederich Wã ¶hler and French physicist Antoine Bussy.WÃ ¶hler was the scientist who initially proposed the name beryllium for the new component. Source Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Langes Handbook of Chemistry (1952), CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics (eighteenth Ed.), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (89th Ed.)

Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Economy - Essay Example The administration obligation increments because of spending shortages do nothing but bad yet rather make complex issues for the economy and it hauls the economy further away from development. This is particularly on account of immature economies as they are more regrettable off by such a circumstance. Then again, created nations do have a pad against such issues and persevere through the impacts by carefully controlling the expansion through fiscal strategy. If there should arise an occurrence of creating economies, they have lesser stores to back their position, while being progressively beneficial they despite everything run nonstop shortages (Charles, 1995). This summons further action, attributable to the way that the economy is beneath its latent capacity yield however for the most part isn't overseen sufficiently and subsequently brings about interest pull or cost push expansion in various conditions and consequently these creating nations are only here and there ready to receive the rewards of their monetary action. The spending shortfalls are established from the hour of the incredible despondency of 1930s which was seen by and had solid impact on numerous economies worldwide before the Second World War however there were various purposes behind the Great Depression starting in 1929, including the basic shortcomings as well as a progression of certain different occasions. The declining request in the economy set down weights on government and while they needed to deal with the decrease in monetary movement, the administration uses in the long run expanded to oblige these issues in this way putting loads over the spending plans and in the end running shortfalls (Bernanke, 2007). Another explanation expressed had been the decrease in global exchange in this way influencing numerous nations of the world whose economy relied upon the worldwide exchanges. As expressed by one of the acclaimed experts, the chain of occasions continued as follows (Fisher, 1933): Along these lines when the free hand didn’t work out, government began to assume a crucial job in the monetary movement for the

3 Amazing Freelancing Opportunities for Introverts

3 Amazing Freelancing Opportunities for Introverts Marilyn Monroe once said, I restore myself when Im alone, which is classic introversion. However, with modern workplace trends of open-space offices and shared co-working spaces, finding the time and place to do your work alone is more difficult than it would seem.The good news is there are three great jobs for introvertsâ€"or for those inclined toward introversionâ€"and with the right skills, you can find freelance opportunities in all three. But before we get into these freelance opportunities, lets look at freelancing in general and some recent statistics that support its upward trend.FreelancingIn a 2017 study conducted by independent research firm Edelman Intelligence, researchers found that 57.3 million Americans are freelancing (36 percent of the U.S. workforce), contributing approximately $1.4 trillion annually to the economy. This is an increase of nearly 30% since last year.That study also concluded that:54 percent of the U.S. workforce (freelancers and non-freelancers) sai d theyre not very confident that the work they do will exist in 20 years.By 2027, the majority of the U.S. workforce will freelance.63 percent of freelancers think that having a diversified portfolio of clients is more secure than one employer and have an average of 4.5 clients per month.This trend toward freelancing is great news for introverts, who prefer to work independently in their own chosen setting. Such personalities tend to find office chatter and activity to be distractingâ€"and at times, even distressing.So, if you happen to be an introvert, or if you are interested in freelancing as an editor, content writer, or graphic designer, lets take a look at the skills youll need for each.EditorThe role of an editor will vary based on the editing services needed. An editor can offer developmental editing, line editing, copyediting, proofreading, or manuscript critiquing services, and each of these are different in their approach and the point at which they are needed for a manus cript.The most commonly needed editorial service is copyediting, which involves focusing on the technical issues of the copy and requires an excellent command of rules related to grammar, punctuation, spelling, syntax, citation formats and capitalization. A copyeditor will also need to make notes on any false or questionable information such as incorrect quotes, dates, or claims. This skill is especially useful in the publishing world, where false information could mean defamation lawsuits or a tarnished reputation.Skills youll needEditors, whether copyediting or proofreading, should demonstrate the following skills:Expert knowledge of English grammar, punctuation, capitalization, citation style, spelling and syntax rules.The ability to be meticulous and careful in your work, paying close attention to details.An ability to determine macro-level problems of the copy, including consistency.Research skills related to checking facts, dates, spelling of names, and quotes. This skill does nt always apply to editing projects, but is particularly important if you are editing for a publication that could be sued for defamation, plagiarism, or reporting false information.A genuine desire to help writers polish their work and ensure it is error-free for publication.The ability to manage multiple projects at once, with different timelines and expectations.Content writer or copywriterThe role of a content writer will vary depending on the client and project. In most cases, a content writer (or copywriter) is responsible for creating content to be publishedâ€"either online, in print, or both. This content could range from social media posts and blog articles, to press releases, email marketing campaigns and YouTube scripts.In addition to having great command of the English language, a freelance content writer needs to understand the basics of Internet marketing and writing for certain audiences. While there are copywriting jobs that dont pertain to Internet marketing and pub lishing, a majority do, and having the skills required to write for online audiences is crucial to selling your services.Content is king, as Bill Gates once famously wrote. Its even more important now than it was in 1996 when Gates wrote that. Youll find that businesses ranging from laundromats and distribution companies to plastic surgery centers and wellness retreats (and everything in between) need great content writers to advertise their services and increase their brand reputation.Skills youll needTo succeed as a freelance content writer/copywriter, youll need the following:Impeccable grammar, syntax, and English language skills.Knowledge of how to conduct research on various topics, and how to find valid, trustworthy sources.The ability to read about new topics, and then synthesize and summarize those topics.An engaging voice that appeals to the reader and makes them want to read more.An accommodating, professional attitude when clients ask for rewrites or changes in the draft (which is an inevitable part of the job).The ability to manage multiple projects at once, with different timelines and expectations.A basic understanding of how content helps businesses grow (here is a great article showing some of the recent statistics and trends related to content marketing).Graphic designerContent isnt just words. In fact, graphic design plays an equal part in building a solid online reputation for any company or individualâ€"whether its designing images for social media posts or creating the overall look of a website.In the world of freelance graphic design, projects run the gamut from logo creation and web design to digital art and 3D illustrations. While a degree is not necessary, having the expertise and software necessary to compete with other freelancers (who might have degrees) is crucial. As is building a stunning design portfolio.Since graphic design is so visual, a design portfolio will be your most important asset to market your freelance services. Ma ny designers have both a print and digital design portfolioâ€"which you choose will depend on how you go about finding clients and the focus of your design expertise. For more tips on how to build and freshen your portfolio, this is a great resource.Skills youll needTo succeed as a freelance graphic designer, youll need the following:Excellent communication skills to articulate ideas through text and image.Excellent listening skills to understand what a client is going for in their graphic design project and what they hope the final draft will look like.The ability to think creatively and convey messages in ways that are unique and engaging. This includes ways to solve problems creatively or think outside the box in terms of messaging and meaning.Expert knowledge of the technology and software needed to design. This might include (but is certainly not limited to) Quark, InDesign, PhotoShop, and Adobe.Fluency in programming languages like HTML and CSS, as well as working knowledge of content management systems (CMS) like WordPress.The ability to manage multiple projects at once, with different timelines and expectations.An understanding of, and eye for, developing legible type through a familiarity with fonts and a knowledge of line-height and tracking.A thorough understanding of color theory, knowing how colors complement and contrast with each other.Skills every freelancer needsRegardless of the line of work you do as a freelancer, there are skills you will need to be successful. Since freelancing requires marketing your own services, much of your time will be put into finding clients who need a professional, skilled graphic designer. This ability to market yourself and bid on jobs is vital if you want to find steady work.Youll find that if you do great work, many clients will return to you for additional jobs after the initial one. In fact, repeat clients will be the staple of your business, so its important to make sure that every job you doâ€"you do it wel l. This will ensure that clients return to you when they need more work done.Youll also need to research pricing structures to have an understanding of what each task should cost the client. Obviously, freelancers charge a range of prices, and setting your price will likely be one of the hardest parts of the job. Set it too low and it will be hard to make a sustainable living from your freelance work. Set it too high, and you run the risk of clients seeking out another freelancer. The thing to keep in mind here is you should charge your client what you believe your work is worth. Dont under-bid other freelancers in bidding wars, as this could backfire, and you could be stuck with a task that underpays for the amount of work thats involved.Above all, freelancing offers flexibility and the opportunity to work in a comfortable setting, on your own time, and on your ownâ€"just as introverts like it.

How Organizations Must Implement Change At The Next Level...

The world today necessitates that organizations should implement change to keep up with the fast-changing and complex business environment. It is through embracing change management that organizations can be able to enhance their competitive edge in the market. Change management is critical in organizations since they undergo the much-needed transformation to be relevant in the market. Incisive leadership is always needed to help organizations go through this change. The influence of leaders as far as organization change is needed is insurmountable. They play a fundamental role in propelling the business to the next level of success. Despite the fact that some company cultures fail to tolerate change, it is the role of leaders to ensure†¦show more content†¦Microsoft dominated the market at the time, rendering Apple without a substantial market for its products. Failure to Innovate Understanding every employee s capabilities in the organization is a necessary consideration when implementing change as asserted by Rieley (2016). During the first reign of Steve Jobs at the company, innovation was the fundamental focus of the business, but things changed when he left. The team at Apple failed to change with time and focus on technological growth that the market demanded. The then leader of Apple John Sculley never paid attention to innovation as his main focus was to market the already made products and make profits. For instance, the company invested heavily in the production of Power Book 5300 PC which was highly anticipated in the market. However, most of these devices were not made up to the required standards as some of them were never operational. Other gadgets had unpreceded issues with lithium-ion batteries that occasionally exploded into flames. Other products such as the Macintosh TV which were made with the aim of replacing PCs were o perating slowly, not to mention the high prices that were placed on them. Such miscalculations led the company to incur huge losses, while the competitors were steadfast in developing new and more reliable gadgets. Poor Leadership The deployment of a John Sculley as the CEO to run the ever-burgeoning company was seen as a new dawn since he was known to haveShow MoreRelatedA Business Matures And Evolves, It Will Experience Change1359 Words   |  6 Pageswill experience change. Implementing change can be challenging therefore responsibility lies with the management team to develop a plan to efficiently introduce and implement change, which can ease the stress induced when change is introduced. The steps a manager must take to effectively implement change are clear. 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How to Make Glow-in-the-Dark Alum Crystals

Alum crystals are among the quickest, easiest, and most reliable crystals you can grow. Did you know you can make them glow in the dark by adding a common household ingredient to the crystal growing solution? Glow in the Dark Alum Crystal Materials Fluorescent highlighter pen (I used yellow, but you can use another color for different colored glowing crystals. Check to make certain the highlighter will glow under an ultraviolet or black light. Pretty much all yellow highlighters glow, as do most other colors. Many blue pens will not glow.)Alum (sold as a pickling spice)Water Grow Glowing Alum Crystals Carefully cut open the highlighter and remove the strip that contains the ink. You may want to wear gloves since highlighter can stain your fingers.Pour 1/2 cup of hot tap water into a clean container.Squeeze the highlighter strip into the water to color it with the fluorescent ink. Discard the ink strip when you are finished.Slowly stir in alum, a little at a time, until it stops dissolving.Loosely cover the jar with a coffee filter or paper towel (to keep dust out) and allow the jar to sit undisturbed overnight.The next day, you should see small alum crystals at the bottom of the container. If you dont see crystals, allow more time. You can let these crystals grow, though they will compete with each other for material. Alternatively, you can use one of these crystals to grow a large single crystal. Growing a Large Single Crystal If crystals are present, pour the alum solution into a clean jar. Collect the small crystals, which are called seed crystals.Tie nylon line around the largest, best-shaped crystal. Tie the other end to a flat object (e.g., popsicle stick, ruler, pencil, butter knife). You will hang the seed crystal by this flat object into the jar far enough so that it will be covered in liquid, but wont touch the bottom or sides of the jar. It may take a few tries to get the length just right.)When you have the right string length, hang the seed crystal in the jar with the alum solution. Cover it with the coffee filter and grow a crystal.Grow your crystal until you are satisfied with it. If you see crystals starting to grow on the sides or bottom of your jar, carefully remove your crystal, pour the liquid into the clean jar, and put the crystal in the new jar. Making the Crystal Glow When you are satisfied with your crystal, remove it from the crystal growing solution and allow it to dry. Just shine a black light (ultraviolet light) on the crystal to make it glow. Depending on the ink you used, the crystal may glow under fluorescent light or sunlight. You can display your crystal or store it. You can wipe dust from a display crystal using a cloth, but avoid dampening it with water or else you will dissolve part of your crystal. Crystals kept in storage may be wrapped in paper for added protection from dust and changed in temperature and humidity. True Glow in the Dark Crystals If you want the crystals to really glow in the dark (no black light), then you stir phosphorescent pigment into a solution of alum and water. Usually, the glow will remain on the exterior of the crystal rather than get incorporated into the crystal matrix. Alum crystals are clear, so another way to make the crystals glow is to mix phosphorescent pigment with clear nail polish and simply paint regular alum crystals. This also protects the crystals from damage by water or humidity, preserving them.

Proposal for Gender Affirmative Action in Europe Free Essays

When applying for a Job but also to the university, Judging does not have to be only based on your skills, work experience, studies, grades but it can be largely affected also by your gender or race. The proper term for such an action is, â€Å"affirmative action† or â€Å"positive discrimination†. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, affirmative action can be defined as, â€Å"positive steps taken to increase the representation of women and minorities in areas of employment, education and business from which they have been historically excluded. We will write a custom essay sample on Proposal for Gender Affirmative Action in Europe or any similar topic only for you Order Now Recently, there has been a great deal of discussion related to the proposal of European Commissioner for Justice, Fundamental Rights and Citizenship Mrs. Viviane Reding. The proposal was on improving the gender balance among non-executive directors of companies listed on stock exchanges. Furthermore, proposal should ensure that by 2020, at least 40% of women should be represented on supervisory boards and boards of companies with more than 250 employees. According the collected statistics by European Commission, â€Å"women only make up to 15% of non-executive boards and 8,9% of executive boards. First country in EIJ that came with this idea and implemented it was Norway in 2003. However, is such a proposal ethical? On one side, according to Viviane Reding, a glass ceiling still remains and blocks female talent from top positions. On the other side, positive discrimination, (artificially created) of any kind will always lead into reverse discrimination. Also, it violates one of the basic business concepts, speaking that this proposal restricts ownership of shareholders of the companies who have invested their capital. They are not allowed to fully choose their representatives (non- xecutives, executives, management) by their most rational choice. If the shareholders have to take into account other criteria beside the ability of the best representation of the executives and directors, in this case, they have to decide upon gender. Then, the representation may be at the expense of effectiveness and managing the company which in turn goes to an expense of profits. Another points of view may be taken from the philosophical side. Utilitarian theory can be stated that an action should be based on the outcomes. Firstly, some may say women enhance diversity in the companies. Secondly, having diverse environment may be a key factor for advancements or successful achievements of a company. Lastly, the ultimate end result which could be in a form of disappearance of gender glass ceiling. Looking at the affirmative action through these points, mention outcomes have clearly positive sides. The utilitarian theory can be similarly stated in terms that it tries to maximize happiness and reduce suffering. In such a statement, some cons may appear as well. When applying for the position that is affected by the quotas, more men may be pplied than women and even if the skills of both genders would be comparable, in order to fulfill the quotas more/or even only women would be accepted than men. In such a case, majority is harmed and thus it does not maximize the happiness. Not having freedom of choice based on the skills harms majority again, this time the majority is represented by the shareholders and stakeholders and again, it is based on the theory, that the representation of the company will not be chosen in the best possible way, but in order to fulfill the restrictions.. Though, these points of view are nly hypothetical. Another well known philosophical theory which may be applied to this topic is Kantian theory. In principle, it states that in order to determine whether or not an action is good or ethical, we should imagine it as a universal law and determine whether or not that would be detrimental or good. Theoretically, such an affirmative action becoming a universal law would not lead into happiness of majority in society. Creating the quotas/regulations is not solving the problem, it is critical to rather change the approach to women at the workplace. For instance, by using different tools to support the efforts to balance professional life and personal life which allow women to use their education and skills without a need to resign as mother and come to the decision between family and career. In conclusion, European Commissioner Viviane Reding with her proposal met certain supporters particularly in European Commission, but many opponents have argued as well, thus the proposal was postponed for now. I stand up in the opponents side against this proposal as almost any kind of affirmative action leads into reverse discrimination. How to cite Proposal for Gender Affirmative Action in Europe, Papers

Principles of Research Values - Skills and Attitudes

Question: Discuss about thPrinciples of Researchfor Values, Skills and Attitudes. Answer: Introduction Part A: Adult education is a type of practice where the adults are made engaged within sustained and systematic activities of self-education with the aim to earn more knowledge, values, skills and attitudes (Flicker and Worthington 2012).. It has been found that the adults want to learn and have willingness to take responsibility about learning as this respond to their wants (Schunk, Meece and Pintrich 2012). In addition to this, the reason behind selecting a particular methodology and philosophy approach for the research is to discover the types of research that is predominant in the field The philosophical approach in this study makes use of positivism research philosophy. It is because the paper sticks to the factual knowledge from the journals and books written by the significant authors and agreement and disagreement to old age education. Positivism research philosophy determines the positive knowledge based on the natural phenomena and their properties and relations. The two renowned thinkers in this area are John Dewey (1859) and Stanley Hall (1846). The philosophical approach looks into the adult education by looking at the information that is understood from the explanations of the author. Therefore, the knowledge gained from the sensory experience that are translated through reasons and logics and becomes the highlighted base of all the authoritative knowledge about adult education. This process is helpful in undertaking an independent study. Therefore, positivism realism philosophical approach is undertaken. Thereby they try to launch the educational practices and understand the relationship between them and the support every associated argument to every issues. The methodological approach used in the adult education study, for instance study by Hala 2017 and Leroi 2016 is correlated to the Canons experimental inquiry that was constructed by J.S Mills Cannon 1967, which tries to evaluate the effect of adult education in the psychology of human beings. In this system of Ratiocinative and Inductive study provides a certain set of strategies for undertaking experimental generalization. For comparative analysis, two methods of relevance are considered for the adult education program. (1) The process of agreement (2) The inverse of agreement is the easiest and the straightforward under the descriptive methods of study. The process argues that if two or more cases of phenomena understudy have only one of the various probable casual situations in common, then the situations during which all the instances concur is the reason of the phenomenon. This method can be related to the adult education can be evaluated with another constant when all the case s that are being analyzed agree to only this cause. The indirect process of difference tries to approximate a model as a close as possible (Kruk 2013). This process consists of a double application of the process of agreement and has a stage in which rival explanations are refused through paired comparison. The methodological approach appears to be complex. In a simple way, an educator may like to evaluate some process and the reasons that are required for the development of adult education (Lang et al. 2012). At the end of the examination, the process and the reasons for improvement are in relation with the process and the reasons for accurate funding of adult education, then the disputes that proper funding of adult education programs for the enhancement of adult education curriculum becomes valid. The paper takes into consideration only one type of data collection method known as the quantitative data collection method (Bechhofer and Paterson 2012). The quantitative data are those data that cannot be evaluated in numbers. From the detailed study, it can be said that in case of the peer reviewed journal articles, where the researchers have applied the philosophy ontology, whether it might be objectivism or constructivism, the researchers have mainly used the qualitative and secondary method of data collection (Carter and Lubinsky 2015). The author has provided the best argument regarding the use of qualitative and secondary method of data collection. Nevertheless, it has been identified that in one of the peer reviewed journal articles the researcher Man (2002) has applied the Concept of Objectivism of Ontology along with the research methodology six sigma model. The reason behind this is that the intention of the particular researcher is to adopt the particular method of six sigma model for enabling the adult learners to get occupied in the lifetime learning activity in their workplaces and also in their personal lives (Crano, Brewer and Lac 2014). Moreover, it has been found that all the researchers who have implemented epistemology kind of philosophy for their research work regarding the adult education, have implemented positivism. For instance, European Society for Research on Education of Adults made use of the epistemology concept of ontology to determine the philosophical and the methodological background of the research on adult education. It is because of the ease of finding the result of the desired research problem. On the other hand, in all other three identified peer reviewed journal articles, the researchers have gathered data for quantitative analysis from primary sources through the arrangement of interviews and online and offline questionnaire surveys (Bhattacherjee 2012). In most of the peer reviewed journal articles, where the researchers have implemented ontology philosophy, they have incorporated secondary method for analyzing the gathered information except in the journal written by Furterer (2016 ) where the researcher has used six sigma methods. Therefore, it can be said that in most of the researches regarding Adult Education, the researchers have used epistemology philosophy and primary and quantitative data analysis method (Lang et al. 2012). The reasons behind this might include the importance of the quantitative research and the epistemology philosophy. It has been found that the quantitative research is more reliable and more objective and can be used along statistics in order to simplify a finding of the research (Smith 2015). In addition to this the quantitative research also helps in reducing and restructuring any complex issue to a restricted number of variables. Thus, most of the researchers have used epistemology philosophy and the quantitative data analysis method in order to do the research work on the topic Adult Education (Punch 2013). In the mentioned journal articles, Hala (2016) and Leroi (2017) argued that researchers have implemented positivism of the epistemology philosophy as statistical data analysis of the collected data from the primary resources has been done (Nuttin 2014). Moreover, in these particular journal articles of Hala (2016) and Leroi (2017), all the researchers have implemented primary data collection method that is collecting data through arrangement of interview and online and offline questionnaire surveys. Moreover, as per Lang et al. (2012), it can be said on the basis of the overall analysis of all the ten articles that the research study regarding the adult education was basically done on the basis of epistemology philosophy. According to Kruk (2013), the research work on the research topic adult education can be done better through the implementation of positivism strategy. In addition to this, it has been found that in most of the selected articles, the researchers have implemented the positivism strategy of epistemology philosophy and have been analyzed the gathered data and information through statistical data analysis method. Opined to Smith (2015), the most useful philosophy for doing any research work on the topic Adult Education is the epistemology and its sub section positivism where statistical analysis is generally incorporated. It has been seen that most of the authors have agreed with the result provided by Smith (2015). The reason behind this is that nowadays most of the people are not alert regarding the lifelong learning, distance, open learning, and adult education. However, most of the researchers have intended to introduce these fields within the society for the welfare of the people. In addition to this, this particular intention can be integrated within the society by understanding the learning based on three key dimensions, these include environment, emotion and cognition. Part B: In most of the peer reviewed journal articles, it has been found that most of the researchers or authors have indicated that collection of the data from the case study, or from the people through interview and questionnaire survey as the key issues in the area of particular research. In this paper, the researcher has made use of the quantitative data collection method to find out the effect of adult education in the mind of human beings and the society. Efficiency of Adult Education Policies The adult education policies create a strong impact on the overall performance of the economy. The government plays a vital role in promoting the process of adult learning by creating a proper framework for effective adult education policies. These policies encourage the human beings to undertake the adult education program that will enhance their lifestyle and the standard of living. An effective adult education policy monitors the proceedings of the program and restricts any fraudulence. The paper has used various internet sources to search academic abstract and databases. The work of the organizations like UNESCO, OECD and the World Bank with respect to adult education as well as studies undertaken by famous researchers are even useful for analyzing this paper. For the assessment of the actions of the policy, the studies that have drawn answers for the meta-reviews of healthy assessments provide better evidence than individual studies. The studies for analysis with factual quantitative evidence of a vital causal impact provide more forceful fact than studies, which evaluate transformation before and after the policy action (Carter and Lubinsky 2015).They agree with the method as it provides better understanding to the study. Thus different studies can be compared and ranked based on the quality/strength of evidence provided (Hair Jr and Lukas 2014) However, it has also been noted within the journal article that the programs of the adult education have not engaged the low income individuals successfully. The reason behind this is that the poverty of the nation along with the lack of high school education is considered as the two greatest risk factors due to which the poor health of the low income people took place in the nation. Finally, based on all these, it can be said that the collection of data and information from the primary sources is a hard matter, especially for this particular research work of the topic adult education (Smith 2015). The theme of all the selected peer-reviewed articles is to research on the topic adult education and to implement it within the society based on the understanding of the philosophies of the research. The philosophy of this research regarding the topic adult education is to implement the positivism concept and to utilize the statistical data analysis method. Therefore, it can be said that the theme of this research study is to analyze the viewpoint of the common people in detail regarding the research topic Adult Education. The mindset of the human beings can be well judged by this theme as it shows how the introduction of adult education shows encourages new participants into the program. The next theme assists the researcher to analyze the factor in detail and to understand the concepts of the people in the society about the research topic. The final theme of the topic of adult education even analyzes the viewpoint of the large organizations like UNESCO and World Bank who is even co ncerned about adult education tries to undertake various initiatives that will enhance this program and will attract new people to participate in the program. Part C: The paper in the earlier parts of A and B reveals the methodological and philosophical approaches and compares the various segments to find out the best approach to be undertaken. The literature review highlights the various peer articles and compares the work of various researchers to provide a clear idea about the outcomes. The various outcomes help in understanding the best knowledge about adult education and thereby the results can be undertaken. This can be well understood by looking at the increase in participation of human beings in the adult education program. The increase in participation of human beings encourages the government to undertake various reformation programs to improve the adult education program. The solutions have been able to bring out some philosophical position of adult education in this paper, which reflects the impact of adult education over the common society and the how such initiations motivate the common people. The information attained from t his study makes the knowledge about adult education a bit more challenging to understand due to various complex techniques undertaken to complete the research. The answers gathered from the respondents are even not accurate and therefore, understanding the answers become difficult. The development of the research topic was undertaken by looking at the problem of adult education in the country and therefore a review of all the research papers done in the past are evaluated to gain knowledge about the subject. The review of earlier researches provides various analytical tools and process that can be implemented by taking the most effective processes available from the various research papers. The research objective has been to find out the best method in understanding the mindset of human beings with respect to the adult education. The paper answers the research question by identifying the most appropriate method of evaluation. The literature even highlights the various constraints th ey had to face to undertake the study as the data was not easily available and the interviews undertaken from the respondents were inefficient as they were reluctant to reveal the accurate information. They were speculative in their approach and only answered those questions that related to the public life and not their personal life. However, even with these constraints this method is most appropriate as the other methods that have been identified does not provide the best results and has more challenging technique with respect to the current one. A clear view of the subject and the core area can be visualized as all the data analysis, statistical data analysis method has helped me to understand easily. Moreover, the literature review of the identified peer reviewed journal articles has broadened the idea and concept regarding the particular aspect of the subject area. In addition to these, it can be said that most of the authors suggest and implement the epistemology philosophy, rather in detail it can be said that they suggest for implementation of positivism strategy for analyzing the particular research topic Adult Education. In case of the implementation of the epistemology philosophy, the authors opt for positivism concept that is incorporates statistical data analysis. In case of data analysis, the researchers have to gather data from the common people through the process of either interview or questionnaire survey or both. However, as per my viewpoint, this information might be incorrect, as the respondents might not h ave the proper idea and knowledge regarding the research topic. The reason behind this is that the research study through this philosophy helps the researcher to gather information from the previous researches and journal articles of the researcher. 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