A Commentary on the Travel Writing of Pierre Jean Grosley and Ramond de

A Commentary on the Travel Writing of capital of South Dakota Jean Grosley and Ramond de Carbonnires Each summer, for the past five years, I have traveled to Savary Island, B.C. to repose my wearied spirit on the mountains, the ocean, and especially on the absence of civilization and the regular amenities thereof. The island is divided the western half submits to residents who wish for large homes and tennis courts while the eastern half (Indian Point) supports those who want to escape from those genuinely things. There are only a handful of permanent residents on the eastern half and they have built their homes and gardens with a respect and reverence for disposition that is rarely found in the urban center, or Savary Shores (the western half). The visitors to the island fit, generally, into the same western and eastern categories all escaping the city, but only some willing to leave the city behind. It is a modern distinction between the tourist and the traveler. It is impossib le to engage with reputation without engaging with the people on Savary Island. I have found that encounters with two visitors and residents, negative or positive, have influenced my experience of nature and, in turn, knowledge of myself. Therefore, the effects of our Romantic Travelers encounters with people (tourists, travelers or native residents) on their experience of nature have interested me greatly. capital of South Dakota Jean Grosley and Ramond de Carbonnires travel writing provides two perspectives (the tourist and the traveler) of both nature and its human inhabitants. How each man engages with the people he meets mirrors the way he engages with his natural surroundings. My desire to blend in with the residents of Indian Point place my traveling experiences on par with de Carbonnires... ...gages with nature beyond his sign scientific attempts. He accesses nature, and in turn increases his knowledge of self by engaging with the people he encounters, specifically the s hepherds of the Pyrenees. I find I am able to relate my own experiences on Savary Island with both of these travelers, although more so with Ramond de Carbonnires. Works Cited de Carbonnires, Ramond. Travels in the Pyrenees containing a description of the principal summits, passes, and vallies. Trans. F. Gold. London Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Browne, 1813. (Original work Observations faites dans les Pyrenes, 1789) Grosley, Pierre Jean. New Observations of Italy and its Inhabitants. Trans. Thomas Nugent. London L.Davis and C. Reymers, 1769. Vol.1 Noyes, Russell. English Romantic Poetry and Prose. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1956. Introduction, xxii.

Mother Daughter Relationships - Learning from Mother in Amy Tans The J

Learning from Mother in The Joy Luck Club I have already experienced the worst. After this, there is no worst possible thing (Amy Tan 121). Throughout The Joy Luck Club, Amy Tan tells stories of how mothers use the misfortunes in their lives, to try to discover their daughters about life. Many of the mothers had bad experiences in their pasts and do not want to see their daughters live with the same types of problems. They try to make their daughters lives as flaccid and problem free as possible. However, the daughters do not see this as an act of love, exclusively rather as an act of control. In the end, the daughters realize that their mothers essay to use their experiences to teach them not to give up hope, and to look at the good of an experience rather than the bad. Amy Tan starts The Joy Luck Club with the daughter, Jing-mei, and mother, Suyuan Woo. Suyuan lived through a problematic life in Kweilin during the war and teaches her daughter to keep her head up and have faith, even though things may seem hard at the time. When Suyuan lived in Kweilin, she had many things that could depress her, but to despair was to indirect request back for something already lost. Or to prolong what was already unbearable (11). Suyuans wishful thought reveals that she did not want to think of all the bad things happening around her. Rather, she wanted to focus on the fact that she had luxuries few people could afford (10). The tycoon to find the good when others see only bad helped Suyuan center her attention on the superior things that she had, such as the Joy Luck Club and her friends. Later, when Jing-mei goes to come across her sisters in China, she becomes so nervous she cant even feel her feet(331). The uneasy emo... ...to keep trying. Although Rose believes that she has no hope, inside she has a nengkan as powerful as her mothers, which makes her wish her marriage would last, just as her mother wishes Bing would still be alive. Overall, each mother in The Joy Luck Club went through something emotionally tucker and saddening in her life. The mothers use their experiences to try to direct the course of their daughters lives, to make them simpler and more carefree. Initially, however, the daughters only see that their mothers want to make decisions for them, not to help them. Ultimately, the daughters realize their mothers intentions, but not all accept them. The important thing, however, is that each daughter learns a valuable lesson and comes to peace with her mother. Work Cited Tan, Amy. The Joy Luck Club. New York Ivy Books, 1989.

Negotiating Ethics as a Two Level Debate :: Philosophy Philosophical Papers

Negotiating ethical motive as a Two Level DebateABSTRACT As a spring of moral debate, deal ethic, fit to Habermas, is based on regulated discussion. Participating moral agents share a common understanding in the ideal nomenclature situation. Following procedures they try to stretchability consensus on questions of justice and rights. Critics of discourse ethic point to the bias of Western assumptions regarding agents and methods, the danger of elitism, and the optimism and the pacifism that run through the theory. aft(prenominal) modification, Habermas distinguishes two types of discourse the discourse of justification and the discourse of application. The second is inferior to the first. In the second, there is room for negotiating. There is another way of looking at negotiation, one that takes negotiating seriously as an important category of human behavior. This category shows an interesting overlap with moral behavior. Distinguishing four concepts of negotiating and using r eciprocity and trust as the moral minimum, Negotiating Ethics is presented as a two level moral debate, close to Habermas but morally different in essential aspects. I. Discourse Ethics HabermasHabermas establishes his moral theory by externalizing the Kantian dialogue interieur. The externalization takes place in three steps. The first step is to transfer the mental deliberation of the Kantian individual into an interactive creation deliberation of all those concerned with the moral topic in question. The second step is to conflate rationality with reason. Rationality no longer is a significance from Reason, but instead it is an underpinning of reasonableness. In discourse ethic rationality means giving good reasons for choices of reasonableness. The third step is to captivate justice, not according to the categorical imperative, but by concentrating on the following of procedures. Claims concerning the content of moral deliberation must(prenominal) be avoided. What results i s an elaborated, interactive Kantianism, concentrating on procedures but still claiming universalism. Continuing the contrast of critical theory, Habermas avoids the classical standards of Nature, God and Reason and instead presents the ideal quarrel situation an attempt to interpret rational consensus procedurally, with no regard for the content. The ideal speech situation serves to summarize the rules to be followed in moral argumentation symmetry and reciprocity. Symmetry refers to speech acts each participant must have an equal prognosis to initiate and to continue communication, and to make assertions, give explanations, and challenge justifications. Reciprocity refers to action contexts participants must have an equal chance to take out their wishes, feelings and intentions, and speakers must act as if each of them has the same capacity to order, to promise and to be accountable.Negotiating Ethics as a Two Level Debate philosophical system Philosophical PapersNegotiati ng Ethics as a Two Level DebateABSTRACT As a form of moral debate, discourse ethic, according to Habermas, is based on regulated discussion. Participating moral agents share a common understanding in the ideal speech situation. Following procedures they try to reach consensus on questions of justice and rights. Critics of discourse ethic point to the bias of Western assumptions regarding agents and methods, the danger of elitism, and the optimism and the pacifism that run through the theory. After modification, Habermas distinguishes two types of discourse the discourse of justification and the discourse of application. The second is inferior to the first. In the second, there is room for negotiating. There is another way of looking at negotiation, one that takes negotiating seriously as an important category of human behavior. This category shows an interesting overlap with moral behavior. Distinguishing four concepts of negotiating and using reciprocity and trust as the moral mini mum, Negotiating Ethics is presented as a two level moral debate, close to Habermas but morally different in essential aspects. I. Discourse Ethics HabermasHabermas establishes his moral theory by externalizing the Kantian dialogue interieur. The externalization takes place in three steps. The first step is to transfer the mental deliberation of the Kantian individual into an interactive public deliberation of all those concerned with the moral topic in question. The second step is to conflate rationality with reason. Rationality no longer is a deduction from Reason, but instead it is an underpinning of reasonableness. In discourse ethic rationality means giving good reasons for choices of reasonableness. The third step is to view justice, not according to the categorical imperative, but by concentrating on the following of procedures. Claims concerning the content of moral deliberation must be avoided. What results is an elaborated, interactive Kantianism, concentrating on procedur es but still claiming universalism. Continuing the line of critical theory, Habermas avoids the classical standards of Nature, God and Reason and instead presents the ideal speech situation an attempt to interpret rational consensus procedurally, with no regard for the content. The ideal speech situation serves to summarize the rules to be followed in moral argumentation symmetry and reciprocity. Symmetry refers to speech acts each participant must have an equal chance to initiate and to continue communication, and to make assertions, give explanations, and challenge justifications. Reciprocity refers to action contexts participants must have an equal chance to express their wishes, feelings and intentions, and speakers must act as if each of them has the same capacity to order, to promise and to be accountable.

Free Speech on the Internet v. United States Constitution

The internet became a very popular and huge way of getting millions of different kinds of materials and study for everyday use in the later 80s early 90s. It became easy for anyone to access millions of different kinds of materials ninety nine percent of which is decent according to our administrations standards and one or less percent which is considered to be material the is indecent or harmful to minors.(ABC) These facts whitethornbe deceiving however because there are millions of internet sites so the internet may only be one percent indecent but that means there are thousands upon thousands of sites that are indecent.(ABC) The biggest question is how can we protect our children from these indecent sites? The government believed that passing a prick banning indecent material from the internet would help in the protection of the children who use the internet. So in 1996 Congress passed the CDA (communications decency act) on with the TCA (tela communication act).(Lewis) The T CA was purposed and passed by congress in order to band indecent material from the radio and television and the CDA was a last minute add onto this bill.(Greenhouse) The CDA was neer heard before congress and many of the members questioned its constitutionality. Clition did signed the bill however it was understood that he was hopping that the courts would declare the bill unconstitutional.(Greenhouse)     It became obvious very quick that this bill was going to cause problems. In June of 96 the same year the bill was passed a New York internet based paper filed a law retinue against the CDA saying This bill is a violation of the rights of not only myself, but a violation of the rights of the American people. Long live the net, said Joe Shea, editor in chief of The American Reporter, the electronic newspaper that challenged the law.(Lewis) This case however was not the first. In Philadelphia a group of some 50 organization filed a guinea pig against the CDA an d the court also ruled in their favor. (Lewis) More and more cases began popping up in federal courts until December of 96 when it was finally brought before the unconditional Court in Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union.(ACLU v Janet Reno)     The problem with the CDA was the fact that it didnt clearly define indecent material. Many thought the broadness of the spoken communication used i... ...gle to safely protect the rights of the men and women of America.Works Cited "American Civil Liberties Union v. Janet Reno." 11 whitethorn 1996. 2 May 2005 Childs, Kelvin. "Problems Persist Despie CDA Ruling." . 05 July 1997 19 Apr. 2005 " communication theory Decency Act Gina Smith, Charels Gibson." Good Morning America. ABC. 19 Mar. 1997. 19 Apr. 2005 Dlouhy, Jennifer A. "Ruling Suggest an Alternative For Online Pornography Mandate Use of Internet Filters." 3 July 2004. 2 May 2005 Greenhouse, Lina. "Court,9-0, Upholds State Laws Prohibiting Assisted Suicide Protects Speech on Internet." New York Times 27 June 1997. Kids and Civil Rights. Talk of The Nation NPR, Washington DC. 06 Apr. 1998. Lewis, Peter H. "Opponents of Indecency Rules on Internet Win Another Case." The New York Times 30 July 1996. eLibrary. 19 Apr. 2005 "Policing Cyberspace." Editorial. The Nation 1 Mar. 1999 n. pag. "Supreme Court Affirms Preliminary Injunction of Child Online defense Act." . 01 Sept. 2004 eLibrary. 2 May 2005 "Supreme Court Rules on Child Online Protection Act." . 1 July 2002 eLibrary. 2 May 2005

The Meaning of Being American Essay -- American Citizenship Patriotism

The Meaning of Being AmericanWhat does it mean to be an American? Can this statement forever really be defined since America is a melting pot of different races, religions, political views, social views and so on and so fourth. To be an American can mean virtually eachthing and whether or not somebody supports national symbols is just another part of being and American. As Americans we have the right to discord with the government, the right to protest against something unjust, the right to burn a flag in disgrace because after all we have liberty of speech. To some these things are un-American, alone to others they are the reasons America is such a wonderful place to live. There is no definite answer to this question, but many different possibilities. Like any other country America has national symbols such as the American Flag, the Pledge of Allegiance, and the Start Spangled Banner. To be an American means that you support these things to fullest point and hold them in the highest regard. This means that When the National Anthem is played or the Pledge of Allegiance is recited, it is our duty as Americans to stand, remove our hats and cover our hearts as a sign of the utmost respect. These symbols are a sign of our heritage. They stand for what we believe in, who we are, and where we come from. We are Americans. We believe in life liberty and the hunt of happiness. True Americans speak the national language, English, and know that America is a one of a kind country that cannot be beat. We have worked hard over the eld to become the wealthiest and the most prosperous country in the entire world. As Americans we have the right to drive a Hummers, the right to live in princely houses, because after all we... ...unds for music and art education, and library books for their children, by issuing the products of their kitchens cookies, bundt cakes, lumpia, spring rolls and ribs. Watch the kindergartners dance the HulaAmerica is a place where freedom of speech prospers. Some people believe that America stands for one thing while others believe it stands for completely opposite things. The first stance I wrote about it a viable stance, but it lacks one thing, freedom. To be American doesnt mean one thing, it means that you are open to anything, no matter how verdant it may be. America is country that was founded on freedom, happiness, and love. Over the years many of these qualities have been lost to greed, corruption, and hatred. If we ever want to return America to its former eminence we must open our minds, our eyes, and our hearts to people different from us.

Understanding Parkinsons Disease Essay -- Health Medicine

Understanding Parkinsons DiseaseDiagnosis of Parkinsons Disease To date, there are no specific diagnostic criteria for Parkinsons Disease. Diagnosis john only be made by an expert examination after the person has already developed symptoms. Biochemical measures can be utilise such(prenominal) as a screening strategy monitoring the dopamine levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. Otherwise, specifically 6(18F)dopa positron emission tomography can be used for a direct measurement of dopamine activity. Using a computer to assess movement time is another test for Parkinsons disease. To examine the electrophysiological characteristics of tremor and preclinical nigral dysfunction characteristic of Parkinsons EMG (electromyographic recordings) can be used. Finally, a symptomatic screening is often utilized and consists of nine symptom tie in questions, as well as disease specific and drug specific questions. This provides an indirect functional measure of the nigrostriatal dopamine syst em.Facts about Parkinsons Disease change magnitude age strongly increases the danger of Parkinsons disease. Male gender and possibly Caucasian ancestry are associated with more modest increases in risk. The reported preponderance of Parkinsons disease varies widely in international community-based studies ranging from 31 to 328 per 100,000 people. Whether these differences represent actual differences in the occurrence of disease cannot be easily determined. This is due to the confine number of studies conducted and restricted population samples used. The risk factors of Parkinsons disease are primarily environmental and are not genetically based.Clinical Features The main clinical features in Parkinsons Disease include rigidity, bradyki... ...an de Silva, H.A. Khan, N.L. & Wood, N.W. (2000). The genetics of Parkinsons disease. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 103 (June) 292-298. Tanner, C. M. (1996). Early encumbrance in Parkinsons Disease Epidemiologic Cons iderations. Ann Epidemiol. 6 5 438-441.Tasker, R.R. Lang, A.E. & Lozano, A..M.. (2000). Pallidal and Thalamic Surgery for Parkinsons Disease. Experimental Neurology. 1441 35 - 40.Veldman, B.A.J. Wijn, A.M. Knoers, N. Praamstra, P. & Horstink, M.W.I.M. (1998 ). Genetic and environmental risk factors in Parkinsons disease. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery 100115-26.Volkmann, J. & Sturm, V. (1998). Indication and results of stereotactic surgery for advanced Parkinsons disease. Critical Reviews in Neurosurgery. 84 209-216. For information regarding Parkinsons Disease http//www.parkinsonsweb.com/

Understanding Parkinsons Disease Essay -- Health Medicine

Understanding shaking palsy DiseaseDiagnosis of paralysis agitans Disease To date, there are no specific diagnostic criteria for paralysis agitans Disease. Diagnosis can buoy only be made by an expert examination after the person has already developed symptoms. Biochemical measures can be used such as a screening strategy monitoring the dopamine levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. Otherwise, specifically 6(18F)dopa positron emission tomography can be used for a direct measurement of dopamine activity. Using a computer to assess movement time is another test for Parkinsons disease. To examine the electrophysiological characteristics of tremor and preclinical nigral dysfunction characteristic of Parkinsons EMG (electromyographic recordings) can be used. Finally, a symptomatic screening is often utilized and consists of order symptom related questions, as well as disease specific and drug specific questions. This provides an indirect functional measure of the nigrostriatal dopami ne system.Facts about Parkinsons Disease Increasing age strongly increases the risk of Parkinsons disease. Male gender and possibly Caucasian ancestry are associated with more modest increases in risk. The reported prevalence of Parkinsons disease varies widely in international community-based studies ranging from 31 to 328 per 100,000 people. Whether these differences represent actual differences in the occurrence of disease cannot be soft determined. This is due to the limited number of studies conducted and restricted population samples used. The risk factors of Parkinsons disease are primarily environmental and are not genetically based.clinical Features The main clinical features in Parkinsons Disease include rigidity, bradyki... ...an de Silva, H.A. Khan, N.L. & Wood, N.W. (2000). The genetics of Parkinsons disease. Current Opinion in catchings & Development 103 (June) 292-298. Tanner, C. M. (1996). Early Intervention in Parkinsons Disease Epidemiologic Considerati ons. Ann Epidemiol. 6 5 438-441.Tasker, R.R. Lang, A.E. & Lozano, A..M.. (2000). Pallidal and Thalamic Surgery for Parkinsons Disease. Experimental Neurology. 1441 35 - 40.Veldman, B.A.J. Wijn, A.M. Knoers, N. Praamstra, P. & Horstink, M.W.I.M. (1998 ). Genetic and environmental risk factors in Parkinsons disease. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery 100115-26.Volkmann, J. & Sturm, V. (1998). Indication and results of stereotactic surgery for advanced Parkinsons disease. Critical Reviews in Neurosurgery. 84 209-216. For information regarding Parkinsons Disease http//www.parkinsonsweb.com/